Development
Executive Function in Young Children: What It Is and Why It Matters
Executive function is the set of cognitive skills that sit behind a child's ability to plan a sequence of actions, hold information in mind while usin...
7 min read
Development
Understanding your child's developmental stages and what to expect.
Development
Essential Newborn Reflexes: What Every Baby Should Have
Within hours of birth, a healthy newborn demonstrates a set of involuntary, automatic movements that have been present since before birth and that rev...
6 min read
Development
Dyspraxia and Developmental Coordination Disorder in Children
The child everyone calls clumsy — who falls more than other children, who can't tie laces by Year 3, whose handwriting looks much younger than they ar...
6 min read
Development
Dyslexia in Children: What It Is, How It Presents, and What Helps
Dyslexia is one of the most studied learning differences in childhood and one of the most misunderstood. The "letters look backwards" idea is wrong an...
7 min read
Development
Dyscalculia in Children: When Number Processing Is Genuinely Different
Plenty of children find maths hard. The question that matters for the ones who keep finding it hard, year after year, is whether the difficulty is som...
6 min read
Development
Developmental Red Flags in Children Under Three: When to Seek Assessment
Parents are usually the first to notice that something about their child's development looks different. Sometimes the worry turns out to be variation...
7 min read
Development
Crawling: Does Every Baby Need to Do It?
Few questions stress out parents of 8- and 9-month-olds quite like "is my baby crawling on time?" — closely followed by "is it bad that they're not cr...
7 min read
Development
Cognitive Development from 12 to 24 Months: What's Happening in Your Toddler's Mind
The second year is when a baby starts looking like a person. The 12-month-old who learns mostly by chewing on things turns, by their second birthday,...
8 min read
Development
Cognitive Development in the First Three Years
Motor milestones get all the attention. Parents post videos of first steps and first words, and worry about exactly when their baby sits up. The cogni...
8 min read
Development
Baby and Toddler Vision Development: What They Can See and When to Have Eyes Checked
A newborn's visual world is not a blur and not blackness — it is a sharply focused face at the distance of a feeding bottle and a soft haze of low-res...
6 min read
Development
Child Development from 6 to 12 Months: What Is Considered Normal
The second six months of the first year are when babies become physical. They sit, they roll, they crawl in some idiosyncratic way of their own invent...
6 min read
Development
Child Development from 24 to 36 Months: Skills, Milestones, and What to Expect
The year between two and three is the year a toddler turns into a small person. The two-year-old who said "more milk" becomes a three-year-old who has...
6 min read
Development
Child Development from 24 to 36 Months: Key Skills and What to Watch For
The leap from two to three is the biggest visible jump of early childhood. The toddler who said "more milk" at twenty-four months is, by their third b...
6 min read
Development
Baby Development from 0 to 6 Months: Skills, Milestones, and What to Expect
A newborn arrives with a small kit of reflexes and blurry vision out to about thirty centimetres. Six months later you have a baby who laughs at peeka...
5 min read
Development
Child Development from 18 to 24 Months: What to Expect
The half-year between eighteen and twenty-four months is the moment a baby visibly turns into a toddler. Words appear faster than parents can count th...
6 min read
Development
Cause-and-Effect Understanding in Toddlers: How It Develops
The first time a baby kicks their legs and watches the toy above them swing, then kicks again to make it swing again, something significant has happen...
5 min read
Development
Raising a Bilingual Child: How Language Development Works in Two Languages
Parents raising children in two-language households are still routinely told things that aren't true: that two languages will confuse the child, that...
4 min read
Development
Baby Milestones 7–12 Months: Development in the Second Half of the First Year
The second half of the first year is when the personality you suspected was in there starts showing up clearly. The baby who used to stay where you pu...
6 min read
Development
Baby Milestones: What to Expect at 4 to 6 Months
Months 4 to 6 are the window when most parents feel like their baby finally "shows up." The newborn who slept through most of their day and lived for...
5 min read
Development
Baby Milestones 0–3 Months: What to Expect in the Newborn Period
The first three months look quiet from the outside. Your baby sleeps, feeds, cries, and seems to repeat that on loop. Underneath, an enormous amount i...
5 min read